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RC Robot Tutorial

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Alex B.
2025-07-21 02:31:59 -04:00
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ESP-IDF_Robot/tutorial/docs/build/html/_sources/overview.rst.txt vendored
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@@ -8,9 +8,30 @@ The bitByteRider RC car operates using two main units: the *transmitter*, which
the *receiver*, which interprets these values and converts them into PWM signals to control the DC motors. Both units communicate
via **ESP-NOW**, a low-latency, connectionless wireless protocol that requires no Wi-Fi network or pairing.
In addition to enabling real-time control, using ESP-NOW introduces to key networking concepts such as **data encapsulation** and
In addition to enabling real-time control, using ESP-NOW introduces key networking concepts such as **data encapsulation** and
structured communication. By using data structures to group control variables, you gain hands-on experience with how information
is packaged and transmitted — laying the groundwork for understanding the fundamentals of network communication in embedded systems.
is packaged and transmitted, laying the groundwork for understanding the fundamentals of network communication in embedded systems.
The joystick used in the bitByteRider RC car remote unit outputs analog voltages ranging from 0V to 3.3V on both the x- and y- axes,
depending on the position of the joystick. These voltage levels are read by the ESP32-C3's ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) inputs.
When the joystick is in its neutral (centered) position, the ADC inputs on the ESP32-C3 receive approximately 1.65V on both axes.
This midpoint voltage is interpreted and interpolated into a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) value of 0, indicating no movement or
motor activity.
As the joystick is pushed to its maximum positions along the x- and y- axis, the voltage increases up to 3.3V. This maximum voltage
is interpolated to a PWM value of 1024, which corresponds to a 100% duty cycle on the receiver side—resulting in full-speed
operation of the DC motors.
To transmit control data, the X and Y axis values are encapsulated in a C struct, along with the receiver's **MAC** address, and sent
wirelessly using ESP-NOW. This protocol enables low-latency, connectionless communication between the transmitter and receiver
without requiring a Wi-Fi network or pairing.
Upon reception, the RC car's receiver decapsulates the data, extracts the joystick values, and interpolates them into PWM
signals. These signals are then used to control the rotation speeds of the DC motors, enabling smooth and responsive remote control.
This process not only facilitates real-time control but also introduces you to key networking concepts such as data
encapsulation, data structs, and the fundamentals of wireless data transmission in embedded systems.
.. _GitHub: https://github.com/alexandrebobkov/ESP32-C3_Breadboard-Adapter