refactor(linux): Unified libbsd handling

* Users can now use libbsd string.h and sys/cdefs.h functionality
  (e.g., strlcpy, containerof) on Linux by just including
  string.h or sys/cdefs.h. In other words, the includes are the same
  on the Linux target as well as on chips targets (ESP32, etc.).
* libbsd linking is done by the linux component (belongs to common
  components) now instead of handling it separately in each component

components/linux/linux_include/string.h

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2024 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This header file also includes the additional libbsd string.h with functions such as strlcpy(),
+ * which are present in the ESP-IDF toolchain and on MacOS, but not on Linux.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <bsd/string.h>
+#include_next <string.h>