docs(heap_debug): Add missing information

- Place the section on alloc failed hook at a better place
- Add reference to the different poisoning configs at the beginning
  of the heap corruption detectino section
- Update the information concerning heap tracing
- Update the heap tracing log examples
- Fix heap tracing standalone code:
  - Update the logging format in heap_trace_dump_base
  - Add freed field in trace stucture to keep this info even
    when no call stack is available

components/heap/test_apps/heap_tests/main/test_heap_trace.c

@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@ TEST_CASE("heap trace leak check", "[heap-trace]")
     void *b = malloc(96);
     memset(b, '4', 11);
 
-    printf("a.address %p vs %p b.address %p vs %p\n", a, recs[0].address, b, recs[1].address);
-
     heap_trace_dump();
     TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL(2, heap_trace_get_count());
 
@@ -51,8 +49,6 @@ TEST_CASE("heap trace leak check", "[heap-trace]")
     heap_trace_get(0, &trace_a);
     heap_trace_get(1, &trace_b);
 
-    printf("trace_a.address %p trace_bb.address %p\n", trace_a.address, trace_b.address);
-
     TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(a, trace_a.address);
     TEST_ASSERT_EQUAL_PTR(b, trace_b.address);