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96 lines
4.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
96 lines
4.6 KiB
ReStructuredText
ESP-NETIF Custom I/O Driver
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===========================
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:link_to_translation:`zh_CN:[中文]`
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This section outlines implementing a new I/O driver with ESP-NETIF connection capabilities.
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By convention, the I/O driver has to register itself as an ESP-NETIF driver, and thus holds a dependency on ESP-NETIF component and is responsible for providing data path functions, post-attach callback and in most cases, also default event handlers to define network interface actions based on driver's lifecycle transitions.
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Packet Input/Output
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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According to the diagram shown in the :ref:`esp-netif structure` part, the following three API functions for the packet data path must be defined for connecting with ESP-NETIF:
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* :cpp:func:`esp_netif_transmit()`
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* :cpp:func:`esp_netif_free_rx_buffer()`
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* :cpp:func:`esp_netif_receive()`
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The first two functions for transmitting and freeing the rx buffer are provided as callbacks, i.e., they get called from ESP-NETIF (and its underlying TCP/IP stack) and I/O driver provides their implementation.
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The receiving function on the other hand gets called from the I/O driver, so that the driver's code simply calls :cpp:func:`esp_netif_receive()` on a new data received event.
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Post Attach Callback
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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A final part of the network interface initialization consists of attaching the ESP-NETIF instance to the I/O driver, by means of calling the following API:
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.. code:: c
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esp_err_t esp_netif_attach(esp_netif_t *esp_netif, esp_netif_iodriver_handle driver_handle);
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It is assumed that the ``esp_netif_iodriver_handle`` is a pointer to driver's object, a struct derived from ``struct esp_netif_driver_base_s``, so that the first member of I/O driver structure must be this base structure with pointers to:
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* post-attach function callback
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* related ESP-NETIF instance
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As a result, the I/O driver has to create an instance of the struct per below:
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.. code:: c
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typedef struct my_netif_driver_s {
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esp_netif_driver_base_t base; /*!< base structure reserved as esp-netif driver */
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driver_impl *h; /*!< handle of driver implementation */
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} my_netif_driver_t;
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with actual values of ``my_netif_driver_t::base.post_attach`` and the actual drivers handle ``my_netif_driver_t::h``.
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So when the :cpp:func:`esp_netif_attach()` gets called from the initialization code, the post-attach callback from I/O driver's code gets executed to mutually register callbacks between ESP-NETIF and I/O driver instances. Typically the driver is started as well in the post-attach callback. An example of a simple post-attach callback is outlined below:
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.. code:: c
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static esp_err_t my_post_attach_start(esp_netif_t * esp_netif, void * args)
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{
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my_netif_driver_t *driver = args;
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const esp_netif_driver_ifconfig_t driver_ifconfig = {
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.driver_free_rx_buffer = my_free_rx_buf,
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.transmit = my_transmit,
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.handle = driver->driver_impl
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};
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driver->base.netif = esp_netif;
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ESP_ERROR_CHECK(esp_netif_set_driver_config(esp_netif, &driver_ifconfig));
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my_driver_start(driver->driver_impl);
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return ESP_OK;
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}
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Default Handlers
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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I/O drivers also typically provide default definitions of lifecycle behavior of related network interfaces based on state transitions of I/O drivers. For example *driver start* ``->`` *network start*, etc.
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An example of such a default handler is provided below:
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.. code:: c
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esp_err_t my_driver_netif_set_default_handlers(my_netif_driver_t *driver, esp_netif_t * esp_netif)
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{
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driver_set_event_handler(driver->driver_impl, esp_netif_action_start, MY_DRV_EVENT_START, esp_netif);
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driver_set_event_handler(driver->driver_impl, esp_netif_action_stop, MY_DRV_EVENT_STOP, esp_netif);
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return ESP_OK;
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}
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Network Stack Connection
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------------------------
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The packet data path functions for transmitting and freeing the rx buffer (defined in the I/O driver) are called from the ESP-NETIF, specifically from its TCP/IP stack connecting layer.
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Note that ESP-IDF provides several network stack configurations for the most common network interfaces, such as for the Wi-Fi station or Ethernet. These configurations are defined in :component_file:`esp_netif/include/esp_netif_defaults.h` and should be sufficient for most network drivers. In rare cases, expert users might want to define custom lwIP based interface layers; it is possible, but an explicit dependency to lwIP needs to be set.
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The following API reference outlines these network stack interaction with the ESP-NETIF:
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.. include-build-file:: inc/esp_netif_net_stack.inc
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